GENEVA - The World Health Organization (WHO) has announced that anyone infected with HIV should begin antiretroviral treatment as soon as possible after diagnosis. With its “treat-all” recommendation, WHO removes all limitations on eligibility for antiretroviral therapy (ART) among people living with HIV, all populations and age groups are now eligible for treatment. WHO, an international organization that aims to fight and control disease, announced on Wednesday that the expanded use of antiretroviral treatment is supported by recent findings from clinical trials confirming that early use of ART keeps people living with HIV alive, healthier and reduces the risk of transmitting the virus to partners. WHO now also recommends that people at “substantial” risk of HIV should be offered preventive antiretroviral treatment. This new recommendation builds on 2014 WHO guidance to offer a combination of antiretroviral drugs to prevent HIV acquisition (termed pre-exposure prophylaxis- PrEP) for men who have sex with men. Following further evidence of the effectiveness and acceptability of PrEP, WHO has now broadened this recommendation to support the offer of PrEP to other population groups at significant HIV risk. PrEP should be seen as an additional prevention choice based on a comprehensive package of services, including HIV testing, counselling and support, and access to condoms and safe injection equipment. New recommendations on early use of ART and expanded offer of PrEP are contained in WHO’s “Guideline on when to start antiretroviral therapy and on pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV.” The new guideline stresses that, in order to effectively implement the recommendations, countries will need to ensure that testing and treatment for HIV infection are readily available and that those undergoing treatment are supported to adhere to recommended regimens and are retained in care. Based on the new recommendations, the WHO says the number of people, eligible for antiretroviral treatment increases from 28 million to all 37m people who currently live with HIV globally. Expanding access to treatment is at the heart of a new set of targets for 2020 with the aim to end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. These targets include 90 per cent of people living with HIV being aware of their HIV infection, 90pc of those receiving antiretroviral treatment, and 90pc of people on ART having no detectable virus in their blood. According to UNAIDS estimates, expanding ART to all people living with HIV and expanding prevention choices can help avert 21m AIDS-related deaths and 28m new infections by 2030.-PR
